Human Rights, Indirect Discrimination, and Social Norms [4.3372]

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56754/2735-7236.2025.3372

Keywords:

Right to identity, Pro homine principle, Non-discrimination

Abstract

A British judgment is discussed concerning the right to identity of a student who wore long hair and braids, according to his ethnic and family tradition, but violated his school’s dress code. The court adopted the pro homine principle, applied by analogy the exceptions based on health and religion, and found that the student had been subjected to indirect discrimination.

Author Biography

Rodrigo Carlos Céspedes-Proto, Universidad Federal de Pará

Ph.D. in Law. Professor of International Human Rights Law, Faculty of Law, Federal University of Pará (Brazil).

References

Alexy, R. (2002). A Theory of Constitutional Rights. Oxford University Press.

Brüggemeier, G., Colombi Ciacchi, A., & O´Callaghan, P. (2012). Personality Rights in European Tort Law Edited. Cambridge University Press, 1-27.

Céspedes Proto, R. (2005). Normas, usos sociales y sus relaciones con el derecho chileno. Revista de cuadernos jurídicos(4), 121-136.

Céspedes Proto, R. (2019a). Derecho de la mujer a la función pública: un caso chileno del siglo XIX. Revista Derecho Público Iberoamericano(15), 211-224. Obtenido de https://revistas.udd.cl/index.php/RDPI/article/view/418

Céspedes Proto, R. (2019b). Religión y leyes antidiscriminación en el Reino Unido. Revista Latinoamericana de Derecho y Religión, 5(2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.7764/RLDR.9.104

De Vos, M. (2020). The European Court of Justice and the march towards substantive equality in European Union anti-discrimination law. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 20(1), 62-87. https://doi.org/10.1177/1358229120927947

Morris, A. J. (1995). On the Normative Foundations of Indirect Discrimination Law: Understanding the Competing Models of Discrimination Law as Aristotelian Forms of Justice. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 15(2), 199-228. https://doi.org/10.1093/ojls/15.2.199

Squella, A. (2011). Introducción al Derecho. Santiago: Editorial Jurídica de Chile.

Tobler, C. (2008). Limits and potential of the concept of indirect discrimination. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2767/56607

Published

2025-11-21

How to Cite

Céspedes-Proto, Rodrigo Carlos. “Human Rights, Indirect Discrimination, and Social Norms [4.3372]”. En Las Fronteras Del Derecho, vol. 4, Nov. 2025, doi:10.56754/2735-7236.2025.3372.

Issue

Section

Case Summaries