Citizenship in the Globalized World [5.3370]

Abstract

The text analyzes how neoliberal globalization, digitalization, the ecological crisis, and migration have radically transformed the classical concept of citizenship. Citizenship can no longer be understood merely as a legal status linked to the nation-state and defined by formal rights. Within this new framework, practices such as “acts of citizenship” emerge, through which excluded subjects constitute themselves as political actors, and citizenship expands to encompass ecological, digital, sexual, and cultural dimensions. The analysis addresses phenomena such as refugee camps, which symbolize the suspension of rights, and questions the distinction between voluntary and forced migration. It underscores the structural nature of poverty and global injustice, linked to institutions such as the World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund. The text also defends the validity of collective rights, particularly in the case of Indigenous peoples, and examines digital citizenship as a contested space for fundamental rights. Finally, it analyzes sexual citizenship in the context of struggles related to gender and diversity, and explores the crisis of multiculturalism and the culturally reconfigured forms of racism. Taken together, these developments point toward a global and plural conception of citizenship, one that is constantly contested.